Tech Insights & Tutorials

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Exploring web development, backend architecture, and emerging technologies through practical insights and tutorials.

Laravel TOON: Cut AI Token Costs by 40–60%

Use Laravel TOON to compress JSON data and reduce AI token usage by up to 60%, enabling larger prompts with lower API costs.

December 28, 2025 3 min read

Article

How LLM and Transformer Models Work Behind the Scenes

Transformer models, introduced in 2017, use self-attention to process text efficiently, surpassing older methods like RNNs. They consist of an encoder to understand input and a decoder to generate output, converting words into embeddings with positional encoding for context. Large Language Models (LLMs), often decoder-only, are trained on massive datasets to predict the next word, then fine-tuned for specific tasks. They generate text autoregressively, with parameters like temperature controlling randomness. While powerful, LLMs can be probabilistic and biased, with ongoing research improving their capabilities.

December 21, 2025 7 min read

Article

How HLS Music Streaming Works with Adaptive Bitrate and FFmpeg Conversion

HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) is a robust streaming protocol that enables high-quality music delivery across varying network conditions. This guide covers implementing adaptive bitrate streaming for audio content, allowing your application to dynamically adjust quality based on users' network capabilities. Perfect for developers building music streaming platforms, podcast apps, or any audio streaming service requiring reliable playback and scalability.

December 21, 2025 2 min read